The heyday of the timber industry in Taiwan was from the Japanese colonial period to the 1980s. After the boom in the plywood industry from the 1960s to the 1990s, the import of raw materials from Indonesia was restricted, and the cost of labor wages on the island increased after the 1980s, and environmental awareness increased. The phenomenon of transfer between Indonesia and mainland China has increased. At present, Taiwan's timber practitioners are mostly overseas, especially in China, which has processing plants and business outlets to produce and sell locally, or to sell some of their products to Taiwan.
With the growing global demand for wood, Taiwan's producers and end consumers are gradually shifting from solid wood products to products such as veneer lumber (LVL). Therefore, the future Taiwan market may be dominated by various LVL and laminated timber (LVB) products. In addition, environmental awareness has increased in recent years, and the demand for low-formaldehyde products is increasing. According to the regulations of relevant departments of Taiwan, since January 1, 2007, the formaldehyde content standards of LVL and sawn timber products produced or imported on the island are all below 1.5×10-6 (equivalent to Japan’s F☆☆). Since July 1, 2007, the same standards have been adopted for the formaldehyde content of plywood products.
First, Taiwan produces wood
Taiwan's forestry policy is not based on wood production, so the production of logs is small. In 2005, the production volume of logs was 600.58 million m3, including 358.96 million m3 of softwood, 17,181 m3 of hardwood, and 7481 m3 of fuelwood.
1. Major species and uses
The main tree species in Taiwan include 12 kinds of conifers such as Taiwan cypress, Taiwan fir, Japanese cedar, Huangshan pine and hemlock, and 12 kinds of broad-leaved trees such as Taiwanese smile, light leafhopper, red nan, chicken maple, Taiwan tong and Japanese tung tree. The use of conifers is mainly for architecture, sculpture, furniture, bridges, decorative materials, musical instruments and wood chips. The use of hardwoods is mainly for construction, furniture, structural materials, flooring, agricultural tools, matchsticks and mushroom wood.
2. Log price
Taiwan has eight needle-leaf broad-leaved tree trading markets, including Luodong, Hsinchu, Nantou and Taitung. Even if the same tree species and logs of the same specification and grade are different in different markets, the price of coniferous species Taiwan cypress in the timber trading market in January-June 2006 is 3~5m long and 40~ diameter. 60cm of the top grade, the highest price per cubic meter is Chiayi Market, which is NT$108,800, and the lowest is Taitung Market, which is NT$5,400. In the same period, the broad-leaved tree species in Taiwan has a price of 2~4m and a grade of 30~50cm. The highest price per cubic meter is Taitung market, which is NT$20,000, and the lowest is Nantou market, which is NT$5,760.
Second, imported timber and prices
1. log
In 2005, the import volume of Taiwan's logs was 1.096 million m3, of which the main timber supplier countries were 767,000 m3, New Zealand 88,000 m3, the United States 45,000 m3, Papua New Guinea 33,000 m3, and Myanmar 27,000 m3.
Among the logs imported from Malaysia, Liu Wei accounts for about 70%, and dipterocarp is below 10%. Imported logs are mainly used for sawn timber and less than 20% for plywood. 95% of the logs imported from New Zealand are radiata pine, mainly used for the production of conifer plywood. There are more imported species from Papua New Guinea, mainly used for the production of broad-leaved plywood. Other logs imported from the United States are mainly used for secondary processing of plywood, decorative plywood and flooring processing plants to produce veneer sheets. The logs imported from Myanmar are mainly used as high-grade sawn timber, flooring and secondary processing wood grain decoration materials.
In April 2006, the import price of Malaysian willow (SMQ) per cubic meter was about 175 US dollars, in September it was 190 US dollars, A graded material rose to 205 US dollars; the price of dipterocarp per cubic meter was about 230 US dollars. . In the same period, the import price of New Zealand-made radiata pine A grade per cubic meter was 90-95 US dollars, but it rose to 113-115 US dollars in mid-September, while the import price of K1 grade also rose from 85 US dollars in April to mid-September. $107. Log prices will continue to rise due to insufficient supply of all logs.
2. Plywood
In 2005, the import volume of plywood was 905,000 m3, and the main suppliers were Malaysia (367,000 m3), China (286,000 m3) and Indonesia (243,000 m3).
Plywood from Malaysia and Indonesia is mainly Liuan plywood, mainly poplar plywood from mainland China. Due to the low cost, plywood produced in mainland China is gradually replacing the Liuan plywood in Southeast Asia, which seems to occupy the Taiwan island market. Taiwan-made plywood only accounts for a portion of broad-leaved tree slabs and radiating pine slab plywood. The 4x8 size of the plywood is the majority, while the 3x6 and 3x7 sizes are few.
The prices of various specifications of Liuan plywood imported from Malaysia and Indonesia are higher than those of mainland China. The price of mainland-made poplar plywood in the same specification is lower than that of Liuan plywood. The price of various plywoods produced in Taiwan varies greatly depending on materials, waterproof grade, and formaldehyde content.
3. Wooden block blockboard
The consumption of wood block core blockboards in Taiwan is about 450,000 to 500,000 m3 per year. It is mainly used for raw materials such as core plates, middle plates and bottom plates imported from Southeast Asia. It is processed and produced locally by Taiwanese producers. . In recent years, a large number of imported products from mainland China, 26,000 m3 in 2004, 41,000 m3 in 2005, and 38,000 m3 in January-August 2006, more than 60,000 m3 in 2006, the market share The rate will also exceed 10%.
The prices of wood block core blockboard materials of different types of materials showed an upward trend, and the prices in September 2006 were higher than those in April.
4. Particle board and fiberboard
Taiwan does not produce particleboard and fiberboard, all imported from overseas. The import volume of particleboard was 305,000 m3 in 2004 and 247,000 m3 in 2005. The main suppliers are Thailand, New Zealand and Australia. The import volume of fiberboard was 249,000 m3 in 2004 and 255,000 m3 in 2005. The main suppliers are Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, New Zealand and Australia. About 80% of them are medium density fiberboard.
Imported particleboard and fiberboard are mostly surface-finished and used in furniture, food cabinets and bookcases as an alternative to plywood.
The prices of different thickness particleboard and medium density fiberboard imported from Thailand, Malaysia and Indonesia (September 2006) are lower than those of New Zealand and Australia.
5. Sawn timber
The import volume of sawn timber in Taiwan was 1.863 million m3 in 2004 and 1.83 million m3 in 2005. Except for the core board for wood block core blockboard, it was 1.196 million m3 and 1.197 million m3 respectively.
Hard pines: mainly used for wood building materials, mainly in the first-grade type of anti-corrosion structure, the current import price is about 420 US dollars per cubic meter.
Canadian hemlock: mainly imported from Canada, with an annual import volume of 45,000 to 50,000 m3. Because the grade is not high, it is mostly used as packaging materials and small square materials. The current import price is 160~165 US dollars per cubic meter.
SPF: is a combination of the main commercial softwood species from Canada, namely spruce-pine-fir. Due to the high level, the import price gap is very large, between 130 and 250 US dollars per cubic meter. The majority of the standard grades are approximately $220 for wood construction materials and packaging materials.
Other North American pines: The grades exported to Taiwan are not high, so most of them are used as packaging materials, and a small part is used to build wooden cottages. The import price is about $160 per cubic metre.
Decorative panels used in Taiwan: There are many types, and the common ones are mainly broad-leaved trees such as New Guinea carp and teak. Mainly from North America, Southeast Asia and Indonesia, the gap between quality and price is very large. In addition to being used in Taiwan, about 45,000 to 50,000 m3 are exported annually to the United States (45% to 48%) and Canada (9% to 12%).
Third, other island wood products:
1. Concrete formwork: In the form of SPF as the raw material, the price of 1×6 is NT$920, 2×6 is 800~840 yuan, and 3×6 is 680~720 yuan. The price of 1×6 based on cedar and Chinese fir produced in Taiwan is NT$950, 2×6 is 820 yuan, and 3×6 is 800 yuan.
2. Thin plate: The imported SPF specification is 1.5cm×10cm. Because the length is not complete, the price of this product is 15.5~16.5 yuan per board. The price of Taiwanese cedar and fir as raw materials is 19.5~20.5 yuan per board. Although the sales price is more expensive, the price is flexible because it can accept order production.
3. Large square wood: The size of large square timber for building in Taiwan is 3.2cm × 2.7cm × 3.6cm. The price of large square timber produced from Liuan logs in Southeast Asia is 28~29 yuan per board, and the price of New Zealand-made radiata pine LVL large square is 22~23 yuan. The poplar LVL large square material from mainland China, although the quality is slightly worse, but the price is cheap, the board feet are 18.5~19 yuan, which brings great impact to the large square market.
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