1. Type of folding machine
1. Knife folding machine. The folding mechanism of the knife-type folding machine uses a folding knife to press the printed sheet into a pair of relatively folding folding rollers, which are then sent out by the folding rollers to complete a folding process. Commonly used knife-type folding machines include ZY102 and ZY104 full-sheet automatic knife-type folding machines, and ZY202 type folio-type folding machine.
The working principle of various types of knife folding machines is basically the same, as shown in Figure 2-8. When the folding machine is working, the printed sheet 2 is first separated by the paper feeding device, and the paper is moved forward by the conveyor belt 4; when the paper is positioned longitudinally and laterally, the folding knife 1 moves downward to press the paper into the relatively rotating The gap between the folding rollers 3 is sent out by the folding rollers to complete the first folding. After cutting, the punched one-fold signature is sent to the second folding position by the conveyor belt, and then sent to the third and fourth folding positions to complete the second, third and fourth folding work. According to the needs of different folding mechanisms and the corresponding post-receiving device to work, you can get different folding method, folding number and format of the signature.
2. Fence folding machine. The folding mechanism of the fence type folding machine utilizes the folding fence to cooperate with the relatively rotating folding roller and the baffle plate to complete the folding work. There are only two types of grid folding machine, folio and 4-fold. The most commonly used is ZY201 folio high-speed folding machine. According to the different requirements of folding, changing the number of the folding devices of the fence folding machine and the mutual coordination of their positions can fold the signatures of different folding methods, as shown in each figure in Figures 2-9 ～ 2-13.
Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the working principle of the knife folding machine
Figure 2 ZY201 folding machine working principle diagram (normal folding)
1- conveying roller 2, 3-folding roller 4-upper fence 5-lower fence 6-stop gauge 7, 8-folding roller
Figure 3 Reverse folding process
Figure 4 The folding process of parallel folding
Figure 5 The folding process of fan folding
Figure 6 Folding process of roll folding
3. Grid knife hybrid folding machine. The folding mechanism of the grid knife hybrid folding machine is both a fence folding mechanism and a knife folding mechanism. Its structural characteristics are generally: the first and second folds adopt the fence type, so the folding speed is fast; the third and fourth folds adopt the knife structure, so the folding quality is good, the performance is stable, the adjustment is simple, and the operation and maintenance are convenient. Models of grid knife hybrid folding machine include: ZY920 full-sheet folding machine, ZY203, ZY205 folio folding machine, ZY403 and ZY404 four-fold folding machine
4. Plastic line ironing and folding machine. This machine is equipped with a plastic thread ironing device before the last folding of the knife or hybrid folding machine. That is, before the last folding in the folding machine, a special plastic thread is threaded out from the inside of the last folding fold of each signature, so that the plastic thread forms a binding foot at both ends, and is melted by electric heat , Glued to the signature along the crease, and then fold the last fold. In the 1970s, China developed a plastic wire ironing machine, model TDZ101 plastic wire ironing full-sheet knife folding machine. In addition, there are ZYD102A and ZYHD440 plastic wire ironing and folding machines. They are based on the ZY102A and ZYH440 (hybrid folding machine) based on the addition of plastic line ironing device, these two models can be used for both ironing folding and ordinary folding. The specifications of the domestic folding machine are shown in Table 2-2 according to the regulations of the Ministry of Electronic Industry Standard ZBJ87011-88.
â‘ The maximum speed of semi-automatic folding machine is 70 sheets / min
Second, the characteristics and selection of folding machine
In China's book printing companies, the folding devices currently used mainly include knife-type, fence-type and grid-type knife-type folding machines. Due to their different structures and technical properties, the scope of use is also different.
The knife-type folding machine has high folding accuracy, the folding of the signature is compact, and the requirements on the quality of the paper are relatively wide. It can also be folded for thin and soft paper. The machine is easy to operate. When changing the folding method and specifications, it takes less time to adjust the machine. However, due to the motion inertia of the folding knife, its folding speed is low and the structure is complicated.
There are two types of blade folding machine: full sheet and folio. It is suitable for folding large-format printed sheets. All the printed sheets printed with the full sheet printing machine can be folded directly with the ZY103 or ZY104 full sheet knife folding machine without cutting after printing. It can fold 40 ~ 100g / m2 full-page or folio printed pages into two signatures of various specifications. It can also install a flower-shaped knife between the third and fourth folding knives to punch the signatures. Adapt to the needs of wireless adhesive binding. It can be used for printing plants to fold hardcover, paperback books and single and double bookends of various publications.
The fence type folding machine has a small body, a small footprint, many folding methods, and a fast folding speed. It has high production efficiency, convenient operation and simple maintenance. However, the maximum folding width of the grid folding machine is folio, and it is sensitive to the thickness, hardness and smoothness of the paper. When folding paper with a dense surface and a hard surface, the accuracy of folding is reduced due to the different deformation characteristics of the folding seam in the folding fence. When the paper with high smoothness is folded, the compaction of the crease is reduced, because the friction coefficient of the paper is small, when the crease is formed and pressed between the folding rollers, part of the book pages inside the sticker will be squeezed out. Some pages outside the signature form a wedge shape at the crease.
At present, the commonly used fence folding machine is ZY201 type folio folding machine. It is suitable for newsprint paper, glossy paper, letterpress paper, offset paper, coated paper below 50 ~ 120g / m2 under folding and folio. The whole working process from paper feeding to paper collecting is carried out automatically. It can be steplessly shifted and can be continuously folded into four folds of different folding signatures.
In order to fold a four-page publication or ring liner, cover, cover sheet, and loose work, regardless of the batch size, a small-format fence folding machine is most suitable. The fence-type small-format folding machine can also be used to fold calendars and small-format prints.
The grid-blade hybrid folding machine replaces the advantages of the blade-type and fence-type folding machine to a certain extent. The folding width is large, and there is no special requirement for the density of the paper. Compared with the blade-type folding machine, Greatly improve production efficiency. At present, folding machines produced abroad generally adopt a grid knife hybrid structure.
The split-grid hybrid folding machine is suitable for parallel folding, core folding, vertical folding, etc., and can fold 16-fold, 32-fold and 32-fold double signatures. The four-fold folding machine can fold 40 ~ 120g / m2 of various printing papers, foldable book pages and book pages, paper pages for various blank paper products, maps, design drawings, multi-fold inserts, etc. Suitable for small and medium-sized book printing and binding factories.
At present, the folding machine is generally still a stand-alone operation. Due to its process characteristics, the production efficiency is not as good as other binding equipment, so it has not yet realized the linkage production with other binding machines. However, with the development of printing machinery to large-scale and high-speed, in order to reduce the imbalance of the printing and binding process, the folding machine and the printing machine should be directly connected, and the printing and folding should be carried out continuously to facilitate the linked production of binding machinery.
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