Food packaging occupies a very important position in the packaging industry in China and is a pillar industry of the packaging industry. Competition in the food market in this century will depend to a large extent on packaging competition. In recent years, people from home and abroad have been striving to innovate in packaging design and packaging production. New food packaging using new materials and new technologies has been continuously introduced to push food packaging to a new level.
According to the information provided by the World Packaging Organization (WPO), global packaging industry turnover has exceeded 500 billion US dollars, accounting for 1% to 2% of global GDP. Its composition is: paper and paperboard accounted for 32%, plastic accounted for 28%, metal It accounts for 24%, glass 6%, packaging machinery 5%, and other 5%.
Plastic and composite packaging. Plastics and composite materials are light, beautiful, low-cost, and soft packaging empty bags take up less space. Low energy consumption in processing and flexible and versatile production methods, can be made into various forms of packaging and containers, such as bags, bottles, cans, hoses, casings, heat shrinkable films, stretched films, special functional films, foam plastic containers, Sheet thermoformed cups, plates, pots, and body packaging containers and blister packaging containers. However, plastic packaging also has great shortcomings, such as pollution to the environment, and its overall temperature resistance and barrier properties are inferior to metals and glass containers.
In the past 10 years, the variety of plastic packaging materials in China has continuously increased and the annual production rate of packaging materials products has increased by more than 10%. It is estimated that the 21st century plastic packaging market will also grow by 7% to 9%. The plastic used for flexible packaging is mainly polyethylene, which accounts for about 80% of the plastics used in the flexible packaging market; HDPE accounts for the largest share of the plastic hard packaging market, accounting for about 45% of the hard packaging resins, and has remained for about 7.3% of the year in recent years. Average growth rate; PET is the fastest growing demand for packaging materials, mainly due to lower prices and increased demand. PET bottles have entered the market for new generation beverages, hot-filled bottles (90°C cans), juices and drinking water and are being developed into the liquor and beer market.
Hunan Wanrong Packing Co., Ltd. invented a high-barrier milk fresh-keeping packaging film in February 2001. The black and white film inner layer of polyethylene is combined with a high-barrier outer layer. The inner layer and the outer layer are bonded. Compound compound, this structure is opaque to light, resistant to cooking, has good barrier to moisture and oxygen, especially suitable for dairy products such as milk and yoghurt containing active bacilli, is an ideal liquid food packaging material; Wuhan University Kong Xiaorong and Zheng Zhengyi (2002) invented an edible corn starch composite packaging film and its preparation method. The composite packaging film includes corn starch, konjac, as well as fortifiers, reinforcing agents and binders. The steps of the method include: First, the main glue liquid and the auxiliary glue liquid are prepared. The reinforcing glue, the reinforcing agent, the binder and the like are simultaneously added by dissolving and gelatinizing to form a composite glue liquid, and then the composite glue liquid is removed and finally made into a film. The invention has the advantages of wide source of raw materials, harmless to the human body, edible and non-pollution, good mechanical strength, heat sealing property, oxygen-barrier property, anti-infiltration and anti-oxidation performance of the packaging film, safe and reliable production method, and no pollution Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province, Mu Youyang (2002) designed a polyethylene composite packaging film, including a polyethylene film layer, and one or more layers of composite layers were hot-melted on one or both sides of the polyethylene film layer. Adjacent two layers of different materials, polyethylene film layer can use pearl cotton, steam film, film, high-density polyethylene blown film or steam bead film - film combination membrane, composite layer can choose Zhenzhu Mian, Steam bead film, laminating film, high density polyethylene blown film, steam bead film-laminating film, paper, soft film or sponge. This composite packaging film has the advantages of two or more layers of materials, and can make up for their respective shortcomings, and has a wider range of uses than single-layer polyethylene packaging film products.
Metal packaging. In China, metal containers are widely used in food packaging and are indispensable, important, and promising packaging materials for food processing and storage. The metal packaging container has the disadvantages of high strength, high barrier property, excellent temperature resistance, high cost, poor corrosion resistance, and large space occupied by empty cans. Commonly used in sales packaging are tin cans and aluminum cans; transportation packaging is mainly made of tin (galvanized steel sheet) vats.
Tinplate is a traditional can making material. It is tin plated on thin steel substrates. Although steel has better corrosion resistance than iron, tin still interacts with meat, fish, and fruits. Therefore, most tin cans must be coated with anti-tartar coatings on interior foods, such as acid-resistant coatings, and sulfur-resistant coatings. Coatings, etc.; aluminum cans are light and beautiful, made of stamped or adhesive cans. Aluminum cans generally require internal paint. Aluminum cans have lower strength than tin cans. Therefore, aluminum cans will be mainly used for foods with internal pressure such as beer and aerated beverages in the future. Chrome-plated steel sheets can save precious metal tin. Although its corrosion resistance is slightly inferior to that of tinplate, it has excellent adhesion to coatings and can be jointed with thermoplastic polymer adhesives. It will be a very useful metal packaging material. In addition, high-strength tinplates for can bodies and aluminum bimetal cans for can lids will have a certain market in the future.
Jin Rongfan of Anshan City, Liaoning Province (2002) developed a composite packaging board for metal packaging. A composite fiberboard made of a water-repellent adhesive is used as a substrate, which is characterized in that a vapour-phase antirust layer is coated on the inner side of the substrate. Its advantage is that this kind of fiberboard with waterproof and rust-preventing function can be used as inner and outer guards and end guards for steel packaging. It is a good cushioning material, not only has a certain resistance to external impact, prevents external damage, and it is not easy to absorb water. If it is wet, it will not cause steel corrosion. The use of the utility model for packaging steel, easy to operate; Nanjing Mei Xiaoming (2002) invented a metal enamel aluminum packaging technology, namely the use of aluminum cans, packing metal helium, and filling the tank with argon gas, tank mouth using five sides The seal is sealed so that the metal helium does not come into contact with the outside air and oxidation is prevented. In later erbium-doped yttrium aluminum alloys, the yttrium-aluminum packaging cans can be directly put into the production of aluminum-bismuth alloy without removing the packaging, and no impurity elements will be introduced.
Glass packaging. Glass packaging has good barrier properties, chemical stability, high temperature resistance, transparency or certain light blocking properties (colored glass), and has good resistance to internal pressure strength and rigidity, but also gives people a sense of high-grade, However, due to its fragility, bulkiness, low thermal shock resistance, and high energy consumption in container production, it is not suitable for the packaging of meat foods, resulting in a greater impact on the food packaging market in recent years.
In recent years, China's glass packaging industry has achieved greater development through the introduction of foreign advanced technology and equipment. Taking the production of a beer bottle of 640 milliliters as an example, the speed of the molding machine has generally increased from 36 to 60 in the past per minute and has reached 110 to 240 in the high. The weight-to-capacity ratio of products has also been significantly improved, from the original 1:0.84 to 0.75:0.45. In order to ensure product quality, many companies have used hot and cold end spray technology to enhance the strength of glass bottles. For many years, China has promoted the use of lid glass cans and established the industry standards for lids and bottles. It has gradually eliminated the “triumph bottles†that have been difficult to grasp for the past decades. At present, enterprises in the entire glass packaging industry in China have organized production according to the relevant national standards and some enterprises have adopted the strict requirements of ISO international standards.
The Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (2001) invented a nano-bioactive glass powder material and its preparation method, more specifically, a bioactive glass powder with a size range of 20 to 500 nanometers and a preparation method thereof. Wang Lijiu (2002) of Dalian City, Liaoning Province, invented an engineering material and its manufacturing method, in particular a composite foamed glass-ceramics and its manufacturing method.
Paper packaging. Due to the advantages of low price, economical saving, good protective performance, high production flexibility, convenient storage and transportation, easy molding and decoration, no contamination of contents, good recycling, etc., the paper is packaged in the past, today, or in the future. All are a major packaging material.
Paper, paperboard and its products account for more than 40% of the total packaging materials, and some countries reach 50%. With the enhancement of people's awareness of environmental protection and resources, paper packaging has become the new darling of the packaging market because of its advantages of easy recycling. In the international market, paper-based plastic, paper-based cloth, etc. have become the general trend of product packaging, some countries in Europe and America have even refused to accept plastic bag packaging products. In China, railway catering has completely banned the use of plastic cutlery in July 1999 and replaced it with paper fast food tableware. In the food system, paper packaging will gradually replace sacks, plastic bags, and cloth bags. It is estimated that by 2010, the world demand for paper and paperboard will increase at a rate of 3% per year. By 2010, the annual demand for paper and paperboard in China will double over 1990, that is, from 15 million tons to 30 million tons. However, there is a shortage of wood resources in China, and there are still large gaps in product varieties, quality, per capita occupancy, and production technology capabilities. It is expected that by 2010, the annual production capacity of packaging paper materials in China will only reach 150 million at most. Ton. According to reports, the import volume of domestic packaging paper and board in recent years will be about half of the market demand.
Feng Mingda of Changzhou (2001) designed a full paper packaging can including connected can bodies, tank bottoms, and can lids. The lid of the cans was equipped with pouring holes, and the periphery of the can bottoms was heat-sealed. The bottom of the can body has a cuff at its periphery, the cuff can wrap around the curl at the bottom of the can; the lid of the can also has a heat-seal bead at its periphery; the can body has a cuff at the periphery of the can, and the cuff can wrap the lid of the can. crimping. The utility model has the advantages of simple processing, low cost, no adhesive, easy recycling, and no pollution to the environment, and is an environmentally friendly product worthy of promotion; Jin Jinwei et al. (2002) of Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province have designed a paper packaging with a soft protective layer. The bag comprises a bag body made of a sandwich paper, and a flap cover for a bag mouth cover at an open end of the bag body, characterized in that a fibrous filler layer is provided in the space formed by the sandwich paper compartment layer. This packaging bag is scientific in design, simple in structure and reasonable in material use. The packaging bag can be widely used in the packaging field, especially for the packaging of mail, lightweight packaging bags, can greatly reduce the customer's postage. In addition, when the packaging bag of this structure is used as a mail disposable package, once it is unsealed, it will leave a clear mark and have good safety.
According to the information provided by the World Packaging Organization (WPO), global packaging industry turnover has exceeded 500 billion US dollars, accounting for 1% to 2% of global GDP. Its composition is: paper and paperboard accounted for 32%, plastic accounted for 28%, metal It accounts for 24%, glass 6%, packaging machinery 5%, and other 5%.
Plastic and composite packaging. Plastics and composite materials are light, beautiful, low-cost, and soft packaging empty bags take up less space. Low energy consumption in processing and flexible and versatile production methods, can be made into various forms of packaging and containers, such as bags, bottles, cans, hoses, casings, heat shrinkable films, stretched films, special functional films, foam plastic containers, Sheet thermoformed cups, plates, pots, and body packaging containers and blister packaging containers. However, plastic packaging also has great shortcomings, such as pollution to the environment, and its overall temperature resistance and barrier properties are inferior to metals and glass containers.
In the past 10 years, the variety of plastic packaging materials in China has continuously increased and the annual production rate of packaging materials products has increased by more than 10%. It is estimated that the 21st century plastic packaging market will also grow by 7% to 9%. The plastic used for flexible packaging is mainly polyethylene, which accounts for about 80% of the plastics used in the flexible packaging market; HDPE accounts for the largest share of the plastic hard packaging market, accounting for about 45% of the hard packaging resins, and has remained for about 7.3% of the year in recent years. Average growth rate; PET is the fastest growing demand for packaging materials, mainly due to lower prices and increased demand. PET bottles have entered the market for new generation beverages, hot-filled bottles (90°C cans), juices and drinking water and are being developed into the liquor and beer market.
Hunan Wanrong Packing Co., Ltd. invented a high-barrier milk fresh-keeping packaging film in February 2001. The black and white film inner layer of polyethylene is combined with a high-barrier outer layer. The inner layer and the outer layer are bonded. Compound compound, this structure is opaque to light, resistant to cooking, has good barrier to moisture and oxygen, especially suitable for dairy products such as milk and yoghurt containing active bacilli, is an ideal liquid food packaging material; Wuhan University Kong Xiaorong and Zheng Zhengyi (2002) invented an edible corn starch composite packaging film and its preparation method. The composite packaging film includes corn starch, konjac, as well as fortifiers, reinforcing agents and binders. The steps of the method include: First, the main glue liquid and the auxiliary glue liquid are prepared. The reinforcing glue, the reinforcing agent, the binder and the like are simultaneously added by dissolving and gelatinizing to form a composite glue liquid, and then the composite glue liquid is removed and finally made into a film. The invention has the advantages of wide source of raw materials, harmless to the human body, edible and non-pollution, good mechanical strength, heat sealing property, oxygen-barrier property, anti-infiltration and anti-oxidation performance of the packaging film, safe and reliable production method, and no pollution Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province, Mu Youyang (2002) designed a polyethylene composite packaging film, including a polyethylene film layer, and one or more layers of composite layers were hot-melted on one or both sides of the polyethylene film layer. Adjacent two layers of different materials, polyethylene film layer can use pearl cotton, steam film, film, high-density polyethylene blown film or steam bead film - film combination membrane, composite layer can choose Zhenzhu Mian, Steam bead film, laminating film, high density polyethylene blown film, steam bead film-laminating film, paper, soft film or sponge. This composite packaging film has the advantages of two or more layers of materials, and can make up for their respective shortcomings, and has a wider range of uses than single-layer polyethylene packaging film products.
Metal packaging. In China, metal containers are widely used in food packaging and are indispensable, important, and promising packaging materials for food processing and storage. The metal packaging container has the disadvantages of high strength, high barrier property, excellent temperature resistance, high cost, poor corrosion resistance, and large space occupied by empty cans. Commonly used in sales packaging are tin cans and aluminum cans; transportation packaging is mainly made of tin (galvanized steel sheet) vats.
Tinplate is a traditional can making material. It is tin plated on thin steel substrates. Although steel has better corrosion resistance than iron, tin still interacts with meat, fish, and fruits. Therefore, most tin cans must be coated with anti-tartar coatings on interior foods, such as acid-resistant coatings, and sulfur-resistant coatings. Coatings, etc.; aluminum cans are light and beautiful, made of stamped or adhesive cans. Aluminum cans generally require internal paint. Aluminum cans have lower strength than tin cans. Therefore, aluminum cans will be mainly used for foods with internal pressure such as beer and aerated beverages in the future. Chrome-plated steel sheets can save precious metal tin. Although its corrosion resistance is slightly inferior to that of tinplate, it has excellent adhesion to coatings and can be jointed with thermoplastic polymer adhesives. It will be a very useful metal packaging material. In addition, high-strength tinplates for can bodies and aluminum bimetal cans for can lids will have a certain market in the future.
Jin Rongfan of Anshan City, Liaoning Province (2002) developed a composite packaging board for metal packaging. A composite fiberboard made of a water-repellent adhesive is used as a substrate, which is characterized in that a vapour-phase antirust layer is coated on the inner side of the substrate. Its advantage is that this kind of fiberboard with waterproof and rust-preventing function can be used as inner and outer guards and end guards for steel packaging. It is a good cushioning material, not only has a certain resistance to external impact, prevents external damage, and it is not easy to absorb water. If it is wet, it will not cause steel corrosion. The use of the utility model for packaging steel, easy to operate; Nanjing Mei Xiaoming (2002) invented a metal enamel aluminum packaging technology, namely the use of aluminum cans, packing metal helium, and filling the tank with argon gas, tank mouth using five sides The seal is sealed so that the metal helium does not come into contact with the outside air and oxidation is prevented. In later erbium-doped yttrium aluminum alloys, the yttrium-aluminum packaging cans can be directly put into the production of aluminum-bismuth alloy without removing the packaging, and no impurity elements will be introduced.
Glass packaging. Glass packaging has good barrier properties, chemical stability, high temperature resistance, transparency or certain light blocking properties (colored glass), and has good resistance to internal pressure strength and rigidity, but also gives people a sense of high-grade, However, due to its fragility, bulkiness, low thermal shock resistance, and high energy consumption in container production, it is not suitable for the packaging of meat foods, resulting in a greater impact on the food packaging market in recent years.
In recent years, China's glass packaging industry has achieved greater development through the introduction of foreign advanced technology and equipment. Taking the production of a beer bottle of 640 milliliters as an example, the speed of the molding machine has generally increased from 36 to 60 in the past per minute and has reached 110 to 240 in the high. The weight-to-capacity ratio of products has also been significantly improved, from the original 1:0.84 to 0.75:0.45. In order to ensure product quality, many companies have used hot and cold end spray technology to enhance the strength of glass bottles. For many years, China has promoted the use of lid glass cans and established the industry standards for lids and bottles. It has gradually eliminated the “triumph bottles†that have been difficult to grasp for the past decades. At present, enterprises in the entire glass packaging industry in China have organized production according to the relevant national standards and some enterprises have adopted the strict requirements of ISO international standards.
The Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (2001) invented a nano-bioactive glass powder material and its preparation method, more specifically, a bioactive glass powder with a size range of 20 to 500 nanometers and a preparation method thereof. Wang Lijiu (2002) of Dalian City, Liaoning Province, invented an engineering material and its manufacturing method, in particular a composite foamed glass-ceramics and its manufacturing method.
Paper packaging. Due to the advantages of low price, economical saving, good protective performance, high production flexibility, convenient storage and transportation, easy molding and decoration, no contamination of contents, good recycling, etc., the paper is packaged in the past, today, or in the future. All are a major packaging material.
Paper, paperboard and its products account for more than 40% of the total packaging materials, and some countries reach 50%. With the enhancement of people's awareness of environmental protection and resources, paper packaging has become the new darling of the packaging market because of its advantages of easy recycling. In the international market, paper-based plastic, paper-based cloth, etc. have become the general trend of product packaging, some countries in Europe and America have even refused to accept plastic bag packaging products. In China, railway catering has completely banned the use of plastic cutlery in July 1999 and replaced it with paper fast food tableware. In the food system, paper packaging will gradually replace sacks, plastic bags, and cloth bags. It is estimated that by 2010, the world demand for paper and paperboard will increase at a rate of 3% per year. By 2010, the annual demand for paper and paperboard in China will double over 1990, that is, from 15 million tons to 30 million tons. However, there is a shortage of wood resources in China, and there are still large gaps in product varieties, quality, per capita occupancy, and production technology capabilities. It is expected that by 2010, the annual production capacity of packaging paper materials in China will only reach 150 million at most. Ton. According to reports, the import volume of domestic packaging paper and board in recent years will be about half of the market demand.
Feng Mingda of Changzhou (2001) designed a full paper packaging can including connected can bodies, tank bottoms, and can lids. The lid of the cans was equipped with pouring holes, and the periphery of the can bottoms was heat-sealed. The bottom of the can body has a cuff at its periphery, the cuff can wrap around the curl at the bottom of the can; the lid of the can also has a heat-seal bead at its periphery; the can body has a cuff at the periphery of the can, and the cuff can wrap the lid of the can. crimping. The utility model has the advantages of simple processing, low cost, no adhesive, easy recycling, and no pollution to the environment, and is an environmentally friendly product worthy of promotion; Jin Jinwei et al. (2002) of Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province have designed a paper packaging with a soft protective layer. The bag comprises a bag body made of a sandwich paper, and a flap cover for a bag mouth cover at an open end of the bag body, characterized in that a fibrous filler layer is provided in the space formed by the sandwich paper compartment layer. This packaging bag is scientific in design, simple in structure and reasonable in material use. The packaging bag can be widely used in the packaging field, especially for the packaging of mail, lightweight packaging bags, can greatly reduce the customer's postage. In addition, when the packaging bag of this structure is used as a mail disposable package, once it is unsealed, it will leave a clear mark and have good safety.
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