The printing industry has not formed a printing industry so far, resulting in a lot of problems and inability to escape. So where is the difference between industry and industry?
Agriculture, forestry, fisheries, mining, and the use of raw materials collected by nature to change their physical and chemical properties through technological processes, or groups of processing industries that perform vigorous activities for new goods. This is the industry, based on raw materials. , depending on how much raw materials to plan the production and processing of how many products. The pattern of planned economy is this.
According to the needs of the parties to organize and manufacture a considerable amount of goods or products closely related to it. It is the industry that is based on the similarities and differences of the process of producing goods, and it is based on knowledge-intensive and high-processing. It is based on the market demand, and it is arranged strictly according to demand, and the production and sales are ordered. . The mode of market economy is this.
According to the above, it is not difficult to understand the environment in which the printing industry is located today. In the environment of market demand, the mode of thinking has not yet shaken off the planned economy. The obvious sign is that it does not constitute the foundation of the industry.
What kind of attitude should the printing companies, especially state-owned printing companies, face in the market economy? The first thing to consider is to create a mature printing company. The necessary conditions are:
(1) It can not only cope with the changing market environment, but also ensure the scientific management of the production process.
(2) Have a technical environment that meets various needs.
(3) Satisfy the working environment of the employees of the company.
(4) The mechanism for creating orders changed from accepting orders to creating orders.
In addition, labor time is a major factor in the labor environment and is very important. Our printing companies are at a disadvantage in this regard and may wish to compare with other countries.
The printing laborer in the United States has a working time of 1986 hours a year;
The printing time of the printing industry in the world is 1975 hours a year;
The printing laborer in the United Kingdom has a working period of 1943 hours a year;
The printing laborer in France spends 1680 hours a year;
German printing practitioners have a working time of 1,550 hours a year;
China counted 1778 hours in 254 days x 7 hours.
The length of labor time is related to the length of the delivery period. When the buyer’s market is at the top, this labor time is the cost of competition.
Moreover, the laws of the market economy require companies to convert high-quality products into commodities for sale to the market in order to obtain buyers' approval. This is an obligation of the company and a task. However, the vast majority of printing companies now do not have their own products. The products they produce are delivered to their rooms on schedule and they are busy. They only complete processing. In today's market economic environment, there is no commodity, that is, a company that does not produce commodities. It is naturally more difficult to survive, so how can we invigorate the status of current printing companies?
There are two ways I think of. One is to reform the operating mechanism and the other is to adjust the product structure. The theme that I will talk about today is to look at the future, that is, to expand the field of printing products under the existing production conditions. The process should aim at special printing.
Any item will have the opportunity of devaluation. Knowledge alone will not be devalued, but the best way to increase the value of knowledge is through the means of popular science.
First, what is Ke Teng? To put it bluntly, science popularization is a combination of science and technology and literature and art. “Section†refers to the summarization of the entire natural science system. “Pu†refers to adopting various effective ways to achieve universal goals through various means.
In order to obtain popular science effects, the expression of language is very important. It is different from popular reading, so long as the technology is easy to understand, popular science books need to be expressed in a unique popular language, that is, to use a language that is close to life. People can easily learn to absorb, become their own knowledge, or become narration statements that tell people again.
Before concretely describing the case of special printing, let us talk about the concept of special printing. As the name implies, special printing is not the same as ordinary printing:
First, the substrates are far beyond the scope of the paper. For example, tin, glass, cardboard, wood, ceramics, and glass can all be used as printing materials.
Second, it has a variety of printing methods. Some require pressure, while Others do not require pressure.
Third, many of its platemaking processes rely on specialized hand-crafted techniques, and plates are often not made of metal.
Fourth, its greatest feature is that unlike ordinary printed newspapers, it must be printed on a flat paper surface, it can be printed on a curved surface, it can be printed on a spherical surface, and it can be printed on a large area or on a transistor. Printed on a small round surface.
In view of the above, ordinary printing plus special printing functions constitute the industrial characteristics of modern printing. It can be said that it is now possible to print or image on all objects including water and air.
Japan has one of the largest printing companies and is the largest printing company in the world. It is called Dainippon Printing Co., Ltd. The average output value of its workers is 100 million yen, but 35% of the company's total output is from special printing.
Japan’s second largest printing company is called Toppan Printing Co., Ltd. Its three-dimensional printing image is thin and soft, and the images are still dynamic. It is said that light is a picture that earns US$1 million.
Japan's third-largest printing company is called a co-printing company, and there are more than 20 kinds of products produced using special printing methods.
There are about 65 kinds of special printing methods. I once introduced more than 40 kinds in the 154th Hong Kong Graphic Arts Monthly (November 1996), and I recently introduced the trend of special printing in the 217th and 218th issues of the monthly magazine. for reference. Here are some examples of specific applications.
First, the application of small commodities 1. Soap-in-picture printing in the transparent soap in the picture is how to go in it? To be carried out in two steps, the patterns used in the transparent soap should be designed, including flowers, scenery, animals, and buildings. Printed with flexo or screen printing. In the production of soap, as in a sandwich snack, half of the soap is poured into the soap mold, the picture is placed on it, and the other half of the soap is injected. After solidification, it is made into a transparent soap. The key is that the ink used should be a moisture-proof ink. After the soap is used up, the picture remains. This is a very simple application, as long as the printing factory goes to the soap factory for cooperation, the soap will be sold, and the printing factory's printing and printing will not be cut off.
2. The beautiful picture on the key chain can be seen in the overseas market, a very beautiful key chain, in its sinker is loaded with holographic printing pictures, of course, can also be stereoscopic printing into 3D pictures, All kinds of sparkling, very beautiful.
With the existing technology and equipment, the printing factory is fully qualified to create ideas on this small commodity, provide all kinds of patterns, use holography or three-dimensional printing to print pictures, in order to achieve the goal of selling key chains.
This kind of Indian print is characterized by low consumption of raw materials, short delivery time, and high added value.
In fact, the above idea is a concrete embodiment of the creation of an ordering system.
3. Wide range of fluorescent tapes are divided into a fluorescent belt for daytime use and a fluorescent belt for night use. The former is orange and the latter is green.
When printing these two types of fluorescent tapes, it is only necessary to add the corresponding phosphor to the ink. It is better to print with silk screen printing, because the thick screen printing ink can be used for durability. When the front surface is printed with fluorescent ink, the back surface is coated with adhesive, usually about 4 meters long, and the edge is printed and rolled up. After being rolled up, it is fed into the cutting machine, and it is cut into 15 volumes at a time. The printing process is simple and rapid. .
The fluorescent belt has many uses, such as rolling a piece of umbrella to make it easy to find its own umbrella in the umbrella frame at a glance. If it is affixed to a bicycle handlebar, it can be found in the stack from afar. Your own car can also be used as a guidepost for event venues.
The use of fluorescent belts is even more interesting. It absorbs light during the day and fluoresces at night. It tears off a piece of the front and rear wheels of the bicycle, and the wheel emits a flash of fluorescence. It can be identified from far away. Traffic accidents can be avoided. A fluorescent strip is placed on the side of a darker staircase. By the night, it can use its fluorescent identifiable steps to avoid stepping on the sky. It can also be affixed with a fluorescent belt beside the door number. It can be identified at night without light. House number.
Second, there is much waste in the waste-to-goods printing plant. Can anyone imagine that the waste can become beautiful products? Here are two examples to introduce.
1. Exquisite and elegant bookmarks The peeled copper skin on the cylinder of the gravure printing workshop, after calendering and polishing process, even the various landscapes or zodiac patterns with the size of the bookmarks are used, and the lithography process is adopted without burrs. After it is cut into single pieces and plated with 24K gold, it becomes an elegant and elegant gold bookmark. Can be used as an elegant gift.
If the use of abandonable PS plate, after calendering, polishing, even drying the above mentioned pattern, after the lithography cut, plated with silver, can also become beautifully elegant silver bookmarks.
These two examples not only use waste products, but also show the technical capabilities of printing companies. They can be counted as the company’s own products being put into the stationery market and used as high-end souvenirs to present friends, which are very commemorative.
2. Since a simple calculator printing factory is a company, it is necessary to try to get its own products to become commodities and enter the market.
There must be a lot of surplus material in the printing factory, and you should use your brain to use it. For example, the number of the remaining thick paper printed on the calculator, folded into a calculator size, the integrated circuit board inside can also be used by the printing plant using the residual materials and existing technology, the purchased material is only a very Small solar panels. After the calculator is made, a transparent box made of the remaining plastic in the factory is added to make a simple calculator. It is affixed with a factory trademark and is wholesale for use by the students. It is very economical and practical.
This will not only turn waste into commodities for the market, but also because it is cheap and can accept wholesale orders. This is in fact a concrete realization of expanding the field of operations. It does not require increased investment in equipment, and it can also clean up the waste in the factory.
Third, high-value-added functional printing companies should realize that in the industrial production process, with the same labor time, the same amount of raw materials, to carry out value-added production activities, has become fashionable. Here you can introduce two kinds of value-added printing products for reference.
1. Antibacterial decorative paper If you can antibacterial wallpaper in the hospital, you do not need to spray disinfectant. This will not only keep the clinic clean, but also save trouble.
The method is that, when gravure printing or flexographic printing is used to print wallpaper, adding a certain amount of photocatalyst to the ink can not only be antibacterial, but also can deodorize. The photocatalyst used is titanium dioxide (TiO2). This type of printed product has an antibacterial function in addition to the printed wallpaper. This is the same amount of prints printed on the same time and added value, that is, one more layer of effect, you can get more than 40% ~ 50% of the wages. In the commodity market, if the labeling of the wallpaper has an antibacterial effect, the selling price can also be increased.
2. Non-slip floor leather The floor leathers that are usually purchased from the market are occasionally dripped with water, which is very slippery and inconvenient. If the corresponding photocatalyst is incorporated into the ink of the printed floor leather, the printed floor leather can increase the roughness and avoid slippage. As in the previous example, the anti-slip function was added when the same amount of printing was printed on the same time, and unexpected added value was obtained. With regard to the above-mentioned two kinds of printed matters, the printing factory can completely design its own designs, print it out in batches, and put the trademark on the market. If it is inconvenient to operate, it can also cooperate with building materials factories to make products on the market and establish a corporate image.
Photocatalysts are mentioned here, as illustrated. Photocatalysts absorb light and transfer its energy to other molecules, causing chemical reactions. A typical example of this is titanium dioxide. This is a kind of semiconductor. When light is projected onto the surface, it absorbs the light in the near-ultraviolet region and the electrons are excited by the conduction band, which causes the charge of the hole and the electron to separate. On this surface, oxidation due to the acceptance of electrons occurs
Agriculture, forestry, fisheries, mining, and the use of raw materials collected by nature to change their physical and chemical properties through technological processes, or groups of processing industries that perform vigorous activities for new goods. This is the industry, based on raw materials. , depending on how much raw materials to plan the production and processing of how many products. The pattern of planned economy is this.
According to the needs of the parties to organize and manufacture a considerable amount of goods or products closely related to it. It is the industry that is based on the similarities and differences of the process of producing goods, and it is based on knowledge-intensive and high-processing. It is based on the market demand, and it is arranged strictly according to demand, and the production and sales are ordered. . The mode of market economy is this.
According to the above, it is not difficult to understand the environment in which the printing industry is located today. In the environment of market demand, the mode of thinking has not yet shaken off the planned economy. The obvious sign is that it does not constitute the foundation of the industry.
What kind of attitude should the printing companies, especially state-owned printing companies, face in the market economy? The first thing to consider is to create a mature printing company. The necessary conditions are:
(1) It can not only cope with the changing market environment, but also ensure the scientific management of the production process.
(2) Have a technical environment that meets various needs.
(3) Satisfy the working environment of the employees of the company.
(4) The mechanism for creating orders changed from accepting orders to creating orders.
In addition, labor time is a major factor in the labor environment and is very important. Our printing companies are at a disadvantage in this regard and may wish to compare with other countries.
The printing laborer in the United States has a working time of 1986 hours a year;
The printing time of the printing industry in the world is 1975 hours a year;
The printing laborer in the United Kingdom has a working period of 1943 hours a year;
The printing laborer in France spends 1680 hours a year;
German printing practitioners have a working time of 1,550 hours a year;
China counted 1778 hours in 254 days x 7 hours.
The length of labor time is related to the length of the delivery period. When the buyer’s market is at the top, this labor time is the cost of competition.
Moreover, the laws of the market economy require companies to convert high-quality products into commodities for sale to the market in order to obtain buyers' approval. This is an obligation of the company and a task. However, the vast majority of printing companies now do not have their own products. The products they produce are delivered to their rooms on schedule and they are busy. They only complete processing. In today's market economic environment, there is no commodity, that is, a company that does not produce commodities. It is naturally more difficult to survive, so how can we invigorate the status of current printing companies?
There are two ways I think of. One is to reform the operating mechanism and the other is to adjust the product structure. The theme that I will talk about today is to look at the future, that is, to expand the field of printing products under the existing production conditions. The process should aim at special printing.
Any item will have the opportunity of devaluation. Knowledge alone will not be devalued, but the best way to increase the value of knowledge is through the means of popular science.
First, what is Ke Teng? To put it bluntly, science popularization is a combination of science and technology and literature and art. “Section†refers to the summarization of the entire natural science system. “Pu†refers to adopting various effective ways to achieve universal goals through various means.
In order to obtain popular science effects, the expression of language is very important. It is different from popular reading, so long as the technology is easy to understand, popular science books need to be expressed in a unique popular language, that is, to use a language that is close to life. People can easily learn to absorb, become their own knowledge, or become narration statements that tell people again.
Before concretely describing the case of special printing, let us talk about the concept of special printing. As the name implies, special printing is not the same as ordinary printing:
First, the substrates are far beyond the scope of the paper. For example, tin, glass, cardboard, wood, ceramics, and glass can all be used as printing materials.
Second, it has a variety of printing methods. Some require pressure, while Others do not require pressure.
Third, many of its platemaking processes rely on specialized hand-crafted techniques, and plates are often not made of metal.
Fourth, its greatest feature is that unlike ordinary printed newspapers, it must be printed on a flat paper surface, it can be printed on a curved surface, it can be printed on a spherical surface, and it can be printed on a large area or on a transistor. Printed on a small round surface.
In view of the above, ordinary printing plus special printing functions constitute the industrial characteristics of modern printing. It can be said that it is now possible to print or image on all objects including water and air.
Japan has one of the largest printing companies and is the largest printing company in the world. It is called Dainippon Printing Co., Ltd. The average output value of its workers is 100 million yen, but 35% of the company's total output is from special printing.
Japan’s second largest printing company is called Toppan Printing Co., Ltd. Its three-dimensional printing image is thin and soft, and the images are still dynamic. It is said that light is a picture that earns US$1 million.
Japan's third-largest printing company is called a co-printing company, and there are more than 20 kinds of products produced using special printing methods.
There are about 65 kinds of special printing methods. I once introduced more than 40 kinds in the 154th Hong Kong Graphic Arts Monthly (November 1996), and I recently introduced the trend of special printing in the 217th and 218th issues of the monthly magazine. for reference. Here are some examples of specific applications.
First, the application of small commodities 1. Soap-in-picture printing in the transparent soap in the picture is how to go in it? To be carried out in two steps, the patterns used in the transparent soap should be designed, including flowers, scenery, animals, and buildings. Printed with flexo or screen printing. In the production of soap, as in a sandwich snack, half of the soap is poured into the soap mold, the picture is placed on it, and the other half of the soap is injected. After solidification, it is made into a transparent soap. The key is that the ink used should be a moisture-proof ink. After the soap is used up, the picture remains. This is a very simple application, as long as the printing factory goes to the soap factory for cooperation, the soap will be sold, and the printing factory's printing and printing will not be cut off.
2. The beautiful picture on the key chain can be seen in the overseas market, a very beautiful key chain, in its sinker is loaded with holographic printing pictures, of course, can also be stereoscopic printing into 3D pictures, All kinds of sparkling, very beautiful.
With the existing technology and equipment, the printing factory is fully qualified to create ideas on this small commodity, provide all kinds of patterns, use holography or three-dimensional printing to print pictures, in order to achieve the goal of selling key chains.
This kind of Indian print is characterized by low consumption of raw materials, short delivery time, and high added value.
In fact, the above idea is a concrete embodiment of the creation of an ordering system.
3. Wide range of fluorescent tapes are divided into a fluorescent belt for daytime use and a fluorescent belt for night use. The former is orange and the latter is green.
When printing these two types of fluorescent tapes, it is only necessary to add the corresponding phosphor to the ink. It is better to print with silk screen printing, because the thick screen printing ink can be used for durability. When the front surface is printed with fluorescent ink, the back surface is coated with adhesive, usually about 4 meters long, and the edge is printed and rolled up. After being rolled up, it is fed into the cutting machine, and it is cut into 15 volumes at a time. The printing process is simple and rapid. .
The fluorescent belt has many uses, such as rolling a piece of umbrella to make it easy to find its own umbrella in the umbrella frame at a glance. If it is affixed to a bicycle handlebar, it can be found in the stack from afar. Your own car can also be used as a guidepost for event venues.
The use of fluorescent belts is even more interesting. It absorbs light during the day and fluoresces at night. It tears off a piece of the front and rear wheels of the bicycle, and the wheel emits a flash of fluorescence. It can be identified from far away. Traffic accidents can be avoided. A fluorescent strip is placed on the side of a darker staircase. By the night, it can use its fluorescent identifiable steps to avoid stepping on the sky. It can also be affixed with a fluorescent belt beside the door number. It can be identified at night without light. House number.
Second, there is much waste in the waste-to-goods printing plant. Can anyone imagine that the waste can become beautiful products? Here are two examples to introduce.
1. Exquisite and elegant bookmarks The peeled copper skin on the cylinder of the gravure printing workshop, after calendering and polishing process, even the various landscapes or zodiac patterns with the size of the bookmarks are used, and the lithography process is adopted without burrs. After it is cut into single pieces and plated with 24K gold, it becomes an elegant and elegant gold bookmark. Can be used as an elegant gift.
If the use of abandonable PS plate, after calendering, polishing, even drying the above mentioned pattern, after the lithography cut, plated with silver, can also become beautifully elegant silver bookmarks.
These two examples not only use waste products, but also show the technical capabilities of printing companies. They can be counted as the company’s own products being put into the stationery market and used as high-end souvenirs to present friends, which are very commemorative.
2. Since a simple calculator printing factory is a company, it is necessary to try to get its own products to become commodities and enter the market.
There must be a lot of surplus material in the printing factory, and you should use your brain to use it. For example, the number of the remaining thick paper printed on the calculator, folded into a calculator size, the integrated circuit board inside can also be used by the printing plant using the residual materials and existing technology, the purchased material is only a very Small solar panels. After the calculator is made, a transparent box made of the remaining plastic in the factory is added to make a simple calculator. It is affixed with a factory trademark and is wholesale for use by the students. It is very economical and practical.
This will not only turn waste into commodities for the market, but also because it is cheap and can accept wholesale orders. This is in fact a concrete realization of expanding the field of operations. It does not require increased investment in equipment, and it can also clean up the waste in the factory.
Third, high-value-added functional printing companies should realize that in the industrial production process, with the same labor time, the same amount of raw materials, to carry out value-added production activities, has become fashionable. Here you can introduce two kinds of value-added printing products for reference.
1. Antibacterial decorative paper If you can antibacterial wallpaper in the hospital, you do not need to spray disinfectant. This will not only keep the clinic clean, but also save trouble.
The method is that, when gravure printing or flexographic printing is used to print wallpaper, adding a certain amount of photocatalyst to the ink can not only be antibacterial, but also can deodorize. The photocatalyst used is titanium dioxide (TiO2). This type of printed product has an antibacterial function in addition to the printed wallpaper. This is the same amount of prints printed on the same time and added value, that is, one more layer of effect, you can get more than 40% ~ 50% of the wages. In the commodity market, if the labeling of the wallpaper has an antibacterial effect, the selling price can also be increased.
2. Non-slip floor leather The floor leathers that are usually purchased from the market are occasionally dripped with water, which is very slippery and inconvenient. If the corresponding photocatalyst is incorporated into the ink of the printed floor leather, the printed floor leather can increase the roughness and avoid slippage. As in the previous example, the anti-slip function was added when the same amount of printing was printed on the same time, and unexpected added value was obtained. With regard to the above-mentioned two kinds of printed matters, the printing factory can completely design its own designs, print it out in batches, and put the trademark on the market. If it is inconvenient to operate, it can also cooperate with building materials factories to make products on the market and establish a corporate image.
Photocatalysts are mentioned here, as illustrated. Photocatalysts absorb light and transfer its energy to other molecules, causing chemical reactions. A typical example of this is titanium dioxide. This is a kind of semiconductor. When light is projected onto the surface, it absorbs the light in the near-ultraviolet region and the electrons are excited by the conduction band, which causes the charge of the hole and the electron to separate. On this surface, oxidation due to the acceptance of electrons occurs
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